Description of the method:
The measurement of the resistivity and dielectric loss factor of the oil is performed in a special vessel – a measuring capacitor. Resistivity (specific electrical resistance) is the quotient of the intensity of the constant electric field and the established value of the current density.
The dielectric loss factor tgd is a measure of energy losses in the dielectric and is defined as the ratio of the current intensity associated with losses in the dielectric to the current intensity associated with the accumulation of charge on the capacitor plates. Energy losses during dielectric polarization depend on the leakage current, dipole rotation in dipole polarization and charge movement.
Interpretation of the results:
Both the resistivity and dielectric loss of oil depend on the content of polar molecules – dipoles, capable of transferring electric charges or interacting with a variable electric field.
The presence of these compounds in oil is related to the chemical structure of its molecules and the presence of impurities and products of oil degradation and oxidation.
The values of resistivity and dielectric loss of a given oil sample depend on the measurement temperature. The recommended measurement temperature is 90°C (less often 50°, 20° or 100° C). Only measurements taken at the same temperature can be compared.
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